Pages 2-5 - Bayaz Noor-ud-Din in English: The First English Translation of This Classical Unani/Hikmat (Greco-Arab) Medical Work
Updated: Oct 4
Preface (ʿArz-e-Hal) Page 2
By Hazrat Hakeem Noor-ud-Deen, Khalifatul Masih I (ra) (1841–1914), eminent Unani physician and former Personal Physician to His Highness the Maharaja of Kashmir
English Translation
Nabila Amatul Naseer, M.Phil (Human Nutrition and Dietetics), Nutritionist and Dietitian
Syeda Munazza Ahmad, M.Phil (Sociology), Sociologist, Researcher and Academic Writer
Project Lead, Scholarly and Medical Editor
Qaisar J. Qayyum, MD, Chief Editor, Noor Journal of Complementary and Contemporary Medicine (NJCCM)
CAUTIONBayaz Noor-ud-Din is a historical medical work, dictated more than a century ago. The text has since passed through handwritten copies, transcription, typesetting and reprinting, and errors of spelling, punctuation and transcription may have entered it. In places these affect the reading of a medicine, a dose or a medical term. Such errors are corrected during translation and editorial review where they can be identified, but the complete accuracy of the source text, its interpretation, and the identification of every medicine, herb, preparation, dose and medical term cannot be guaranteed. This translation is published for historical, educational and scholarly purposes. Its medical concepts and treatments reflect the text and the medical understanding of its time and are not contemporary medical advice. It should not be used as a guide to diagnosis, treatment, the preparation of medicines or self-medication. Anyone considering the practical use of a remedy described in this work should first have the original text, ingredients, dose, preparation and suitability verified by an appropriately qualified Hakeem or Unani practitioner, Ayurvedic practitioner where applicable, physician, pharmacist or other relevant healthcare professional. Readers are responsible for obtaining appropriate professional verification before acting on any medical information in this work. The translators, editors, contributors and publisher cannot accept responsibility for harm, loss or adverse consequences resulting from the interpretation or practical use of the remedies or medical information presented in this publication. |
NOTE TO THE READER
This index is a working translation. Each entry gives four things in this order: modern correspondence, where one exists | English rendering | Roman Urdu | original Urdu.
Chapter headings are shown in bold.
“In part” means the modern term corresponds to only some of what the historical term describes. The two overlap but are not identical.
“No direct modern equivalent” means the Bayaz describes the condition in its own Unani terms and no modern label has been imposed.
“(section)” marks a heading for a group of prescriptions or a general treatment, not a disease.
Text in red marks a reading or identification that is still under editorial review. It does not necessarily indicate an error. The original wording is kept until it can be confirmed.
The entries are numbered continuously for this English edition. Every numbered heading and every main heading in the chapters has its own entry, so the numbers differ from those of the printed Urdu index.
بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
نَحْمَدُهُ وَنُصَلِّي عَلَى رَسُولِهِ الْكَرِيمِ
Preface (ʿArz-e-Hal)
Some time ago I published the proven remedies of my most gracious mentor and my greatest teacher, Maulana Hafiz Haji Nuruddin (may Allah be pleased with him), by means of the journal Tabib-e-Hazik. Then I published them in book form in three parts under the title Mujarrabat-e-Nuruddin (the proven remedies of Nuruddin), done during the life of His Holiness, under his own guidance and favor. I must openly acknowledge that a few errors remained in that edition. His Holiness instructed me to prepare a corrected edition of it, and he himself also completed this Bayaz.
However, his illness and my own preoccupation did not allow me the opportunity to publish a second edition during his life. Now God Almighty has granted the opportunity to me, so that I am attaining the good fortune of accomplishing this magnificent service. Hazrat Maulana Nuruddin Sahib was, in reality, a King of Medicine.
And one distinctive feature of his treatment was that he always prescribed remedies that were easy to obtain, quick in their effect, and inexpensive. His proven remedies (mujarrabat) were based on more than half a century of personal experience. In this Bayaz, he has prescribed only those remedies which he himself put to proof with thousands of patients and found beneficial. Compared with the first edition, this Bayaz has grown to more than twice its original size.
Thus, this first part alone has grown larger than all three parts of Mujarrabat, while the second part is still remaining. I would also like to mention that this Bayaz has been registered, no person has any right to print it, in any form, even in part.
This time, I have also included the medical biography of Hazrat Hakim-ul-Ummat. By the grace of Allah, I hope that I will soon be able to publish the second part of it as well. And Allah is the One Whose help is sought.
Humbly,
Fazl-ur-Rahman
Qadian
24 December 1924
Index of Diseases, (Fihrist-e-Amraz), Bayaz-e-Nuruddin, Part One, Page 2
1. Chapter One: Diseases of the Head | Bab-e-Awwal dar Amraz-e-Sar | باب اوّل در امراضِ سر
2. No direct modern equivalent | Headache: Hot or Hot-Dry | Suda ya'ni Sar Dard: Garm ya Garm Khushk | صداع یعنی سر درد: گرم یا گرم خشک
3. No direct modern equivalent | Dry Headache, i.e. Headache of Dryness | Suda-e-Yabis ya'ni Khushki ka Sar Dard | صداعِ یابس یعنی خشکی کا سر درد
4. Cold-stimulus headache, in part | Headache from Cold Alone | Sirf Sardi ka Sar Dard | صرف سردی کا سر درد
5. Delayed alcohol-induced (hangover) headache | Hangover Headache | Suda-e-Khumari | صداعِ خماری
6. No direct modern equivalent | Sanguineous Headache | Suda-e-Damvi | صداعِ دموی
7. No direct modern equivalent | Bilious Headache | Suda-e-Safravi | صداعِ صفراوی
8. No direct modern equivalent | Phlegmatic Headache | Suda-e-Balghami | صداعِ بلغمی
9. No direct modern equivalent | Melancholic Headache | Suda-e-Saudavi | صداعِ سوداوی
10. Neuralgic (nervous) headache, in part | Windy, or rather Nervous, Headache | Suda-e-Rihi, balkeh Asabi | صداعِ ریحی، بلکہ عصبی
11. Headache with dyspepsia, in part | Vaporous Headache | Suda-e-Bukhari | صداعِ بخاری
12. Headache of general debility (anaemia, exhaustion), in part | Headache of Debility | Suda-e-Zafi | صداعِ ضعفی
13. Headache attributed to systemic febrile illness, in part | Crisis Headache | Suda-e-Buhrani | صداعِ بحرانی
14. Headache attributed to rhinosinusitis | Catarrhal Headache | Suda-e-Nazli | صداعِ نزلی
15. No direct modern equivalent | Headache from Obstruction | Suda-e-Suddi | صداعِ سدی
16. Odour-triggered headache | Headache of Heightened Sensitivity (to Odours) | Suda-e-Zakai | صداعِ ذکائی
Index of Diseases, (Fihrist-e-Amraz), Bayaz-e-Nuruddin, Part One, Page 3
17. Headache with nasal myiasis, in part | Verminous Headache | Suda-e-Dudi | صداعِ دودی
18. Referred (secondary) headache | Sympathetic Headache | Suda-e-Shirki | صداعِ شرکی
19. Post-traumatic headache | Traumatic Headache | Suda-e-Zarbi | صداعِ ضربی
20. Headache associated with sexual activity | Coital Headache | Suda-e-Jima'i | صداعِ جماعی
21. Headache attributed to envenomation | Headache from Venomous Bites | Suda-e-Zahri | صداعِ زہری
22. Headache attributed to uraemia (renal failure) | Uraemic Headache (Headache from Urinary Poisoning) | Suda-e-Uremia (Tasammum-e-Baul ke Sabab Dard-e-Sar) | صداعِ یوری میا (تسممِ بول کے سبب دردِ سر)
23. Paroxysmal neuralgia | Intermittent Neuralgic Pain | Naubati Asabi Dard | نوبتی عصبی درد
24. No direct modern equivalent | Gouty Headache | Gouty Headache | گاؤٹی ہیڈک
25. Headache attributed to a substance | Toxic Headache | Toxic Headache | ٹاکسک ہیڈک
26. Headache attributed to intracranial disorder | Organic Headache | Organic Headache | آرگنک ہیڈک
27. Functional (psychogenic) headache, in part | Hysterical Headache | Hysterical Headache | ہسٹریکل ہیڈک
28. Tension-type headache, in part | Nervous Headache | Nervous Headache | نروس ہیڈک
29. Myofascial or cervicogenic headache, in part | Rheumatic Headache | Rheumatic Headache | ریومیٹک ہیڈک
30. Migraine | Migraine | Migraine | مگرن
31. Migraine with vomiting, in part | Bilious Headache, Hemicranial Type | Bilious Headache Shaqiqa | بلیئس ہیڈک شقیقہ
32. Vascular (congestive) headache, in part | Congested Headache | Congested Headache | کنجسٹڈ ہیڈک
33. Headache attributed to cranial periostitis | Periostitic Headache | Peri-etik Headache | پیری ایٹک ہیڈک
34. Trigeminal neuralgia; frontal headache, in part | 'Isaba (Neuralgia of the Face) | Isaba | عصابہ
35. Migraine | Hemicrania | Shaqiqa | شقیقہ
36. Chronic daily headache, in part | Chronic Pain of the Whole Head | Baiza | بیضہ
37. Unilateral headache, in part | Pain on One Side of the Head | Nashiba | ناشبہ
38. Tension-type (band-like) headache, in part | Pain Encircling the Head | Khuza | خوذہ
39. Scalp paraesthesia, in part | Prickling Sensation in the Head | Hiss | حس
40. Pandiculation and yawning, in part (Unani: Kathrat al-Tamatti, Tatha'ub) | Yawning, Stretching and Lassitude | Luvi Fidaj | لوی فیدج
41. Migraine | Hemicrania | Hemicrania | ہمی کرینیا
42. Trigeminal neuralgia | Tic Douloureux | Tic Douloureux | ٹکڈ لرو
43. Frontal sinus headache, in part (Ayurveda: Suryavarta) | Headache Rising and Falling with the Sun | Suryavart | سوریاورت
44. Headache remedies (section) | Some Useful Prescriptions for Headache | Chand Mufid Nuskha bara-e-Dard-e-Sar | چند مفید نسخہ برائے دردِ سر
45. Secondary headaches | Addendum on Headache | Zamima-e-Dard-e-Sar | ضمیمۂ دردِ سر
46. Brain and head tonics (section) | Cooling, Moistening and Strengthening Remedies for the Brain and Head | Mubarrid, Murattib wa Muqawwi-e-Dimagh wa Sar | مبرد، مرطب و مقوی دماغ و سر
47. Headache oils (section) | Oil for Headache | Roghan bara-e-Dard-e-Sar | روغن برائے دردِ سر
48. Secondary (symptomatic) delirium; meningism, in part | False Sirsam | Sarsam-e-Ghair Haqiqi | سرسامِ غیر حقیقی
49. Meningitis; encephalitis, in part | True Sirsam | Sarsam-e-Haqiqi | سرسامِ حقیقی
50. Infant dehydration (sunken fontanelle), in part | Childhood Sirsam | Bachchon ka Sarsam | بچوں کا سرسام
51. Tremor; involuntary movements, in part | Trembling | Irti'ad | ارتعاد
52. Insomnia | Sahar, i.e. the Disease of Sleeplessness | Sahar ya'ni Be-khwabi ka Marz | سہر یعنی بے خوابی کا مرض
53. Coma; stupor, in part | Subat, i.e. the Disease of Sleep | Subat ya'ni Nind ka Marz | سبات یعنی نیند کا مرض
54. Febrile illness with miliaria crystallina (sudamina), in part | Childhood Fever with Drowsiness | Mubaraki | مبارکی
55. Epilepsy | Epilepsy | Sar' | صرع
56. Remedies for epilepsy (section) | Some Useful Prescriptions | Chand Mufid Nuskha Jat | چند مفید نسخہ جات
57. Epilepsy of childhood | Childhood Epilepsy | Sar'-e-Atfal | صرعِ اطفال
58. Delirium; melancholia; dementia, in part | Mental Confusion, Delirium, Melancholia, Foolishness | Ikhtilat, Hazyan, Malikhuliya, Humq | اختلاط، ہذیان، مالیخولیا، حمق
59. Insanity; psychosis, in part | Madness | Junun | جنون
60. Orthostatic dizziness; vertigo | Darkening of Vision on Rising, and Vertigo | Sadar aur Duwar | سدر اور دوار
61. Amnesia | Loss of Memory | Nisyan | نسیان
62. Flaccid paralysis (atony); hemiplegia | Flaccidity of an Organ or Limb; Hemiplegia | Istirkha, Falij | استرخاء، فالج
63. Numbness | Numbness | Khadar | خدر
64. Facial palsy | Facial Paralysis | Laqwa | لقوہ
65. Spasm, cramp, convulsion | Contraction (Spasm) | Tashannuj | تشنج
66. Tonic rigidity (muscle tension in full extension) | Stretching (Rigidity) | Tamaddud | تمدد
67. Tetanus | Tetanus | Kuzaz | کزاز
68. Tremor | Tremor | Ra'sha | رعشہ
69. Fasciculation, in part | Twitching | Ikhtilaj | اختلاج
70. Spinal meningitis | Inflammation of the Spinal Membranes | Waram-e-Ghisha-e-Nukha' | ورمِ غشائے نخاع
71. Cynanthropy (clinical zoanthropy) | Canine Madness | Da' al-Kalb | داء الکلب
72. Mania | Mania | Mania | مانیا
73. Monomania | Monomania | Monomania | مانومینیا
74. Dementia, in part | Decline of the Faculties | Ubata | عباطہ
75. Clinical lycanthropy | Lycanthropy | Qutrub | قطرب
76. Mania with pressured speech or wandering, in part | Madness of Excessive Talking or Walking | Sabara | صبارا
77. Erotomania; obsessive love, in part | Lovesickness | Ishq | عشق
78. Erysipelas of the face (Unani: Mashara) | Sudden Swelling of the Face | Mashra | ماشرا
79. Facial erythema (plethoric redness) with swelling; erysipelas or early leprosy, in part | Excessive Redness of the Face | Badshanam | بادشنام
80. Hydrocephalus | Hydrocephalus | Istisqa' al-Ra's | استسقاء الراس
81. Encephalitis in children with polydipsia, in part | Excessive Thirst (of Children) | Utash | عطاش
82. Apoplexy; catatonic stupor, in part | Apoplexy | Sakta | سکتہ
83. Nightmare (incubus); sleep paralysis, in part | Nightmare, meaning Athara | Kabus kya Ma'ne Athara | کابوس کیا معنے اتھارا
84. Hypochondriasis, in part | Hypochondriacal Melancholia | Maraq | مراق
85. Anatomy of the eye (section) | The Eye | Chashm | چشم
86. Chapter Two: Diseases of the Eye | Bab-e-Duvvum dar Amraz-e-Chashm | باب دوم در امراضِ چشم
87. Acute conjunctivitis | Ophthalmia | Ramad-e-Chashm | رمدِ چشم
88. Additional note on ophthalmia (section) | A Separate Note on the Rest of Ramad, Worth Including | Baqiya Ramad ki Ek Yaddasht 'Alaihida Mili hai jo Qabil-e-Indiraj hai | بقیہ رمد کی ایک یادداشت علیحدہ ملی ہے جو قابلِ اندراج ہے
89. Corneal ulcer | Corneal Ulcer | Qarha-e-Qarniya | قرحۂ قرنیہ
90. Keratitis | Inflammation of the Cornea | Waram-e-Qarniya | ورمِ قرنیہ
91. Corneal abscess | Corneal Abscess | Dubaila-e-Qarniya | دبیلۂ قرنیہ
92. Lacrimal fistula | Lacrimal Fistula | Gharab | غرب
93. Ocular foreign body | Foreign Body in the Eye | Qazi | قذی
94. Solar (eclipse) retinopathy | Eye Injury from Gazing at an Eclipse | Nazar ba-Kusuf | نظر بکسوف
95. Photophobia; day glare | Aversion to Light | Khafash | خفش
96. Nyctalopia | Night Blindness | Asha (ya'ni Shab-kori) | عشا (یعنی شب کوری)
97. Hemeralopia | Day Blindness | Jahar (ya'ni Roz-kori) | جہر (یعنی روز کوری)
98. Pediculosis of the eyelashes | Nits and Lice of the Eyelashes | Sibyan, Qirdan, Qamqam, Qaml | صیبان، قردان، قمقام، قمل
99. Eyelid pruritus (allergic or contact dermatitis, blepharitis), in part | Itching of the Eyelid | Hikkat al-Jafn (ya'ni Chhapparon ki Kharish) | حکۃ الجفن (یعنی چھپروں کی خارش)
100. Trachoma, in part | Scabies (Mange) of the Eyelid | Jarab al-Jafn | جرب الجفن
101. Blepharitis; tarsitis | Blepharitis | Sulaq | سلاق
102. Ptosis; lagophthalmos | Laxity of the Eyelid, and its Opposite, Shatra | Istirkha'-e-Jafn wa Ziddahu Shatra | استرخاءِ جفن و ضدہ شترہ
103. Matted, crusted eyelashes (meibomian gland dysfunction, blepharitis); chalazion, in part | Hardening and Matting of the Eyelashes | Hija' | حجاء
104. Chalazion; eyelid papilloma, in part | Lid Nodule, Chalazion, Black Wart, White Warts, Wen | Uqda, Barda, Tutha, Sa'alil, Sil'a | عقدہ، بردہ، توثہ، ثآلیل، سلع
105. Urticaria of the eyelid | Urticaria | Shari | شری
106. Hordeolum | Stye | Sha'ira | شعیرہ
107. Tarsal induration (as in trachoma), in part | Hardening of the Eyelid | Tahajjur-e-Jafn | تحجرِ جفن
108. Phthisis bulbi, in part | Wasting of the Eye | Sill al-Ain | سل العین
109. Ecchymosis of the eyelid conjunctiva; pterygium | Blood Spot and Pterygium | Tarfa aur Nakhuna | طرفہ اور ناخنہ
110. Burning eyes (ocular irritation, dry eye), in part | Burning of the Eye | Harqat al-Ain | حرقۃ العین
111. Dry eye with foreign-body sensation, in part | Grittiness of the Eye | Kumna | کمنہ
Index of Diseases, (Fihrist-e-Amraz), Bayaz-e-Nuruddin, Part One, Page 4
112. Poliosis of the eyelashes | Whitening of the Eyelashes | Bayaz-e-Ahdab | بیاضِ اہداب
113. Ankyloblepharon | Adhesion of the Lid Margins | Iltisaq-e-Ashfar | التصاقِ اشفار
114. Madarosis (WHO Unani: ptylosis) | Falling of the Eyelashes | Intishar-e-Ahdab | انتشارِ اہداب
115. Eyelid oedema | Swelling of the Eyelids | Tahabbuj-e-Ajfan | تہبجِ اجفان
116. Ptosis, in part | Heaviness of the Eyelids | Thiql-e-Ajfan | ثقلِ اجفان
117. Eyelid myokymia | Twitching of the Eye | Ikhtilaj-e-Chashm | اختلاجِ چشم
118. Excessive blinking; blepharospasm, in part | Excessive Blinking | Kasrat-e-Tarf | کثرۃ طرف
119. Strabismus | Squint | Hawal | حول
120. Exophthalmos | Protrusion of the Eyeball | Juhuz | جحوظ
121. Mydriasis | Dilation of the Pupil | Ittisa' wa Intishar | اتساع و انتشار
122. Miosis | Constriction of the Pupil | Ziq-e-Thuqba | ضیقِ ثقبہ
123. Floaters (muscae volitantes); early cataract, in part | Seeing Things Before the Eyes | Khayalat | خیالات
124. Cataract | Descent of Water (Cataract) | Nuzul al-Ma' | نزول الماء
125. Corneal opacity (leucoma); pterygium | Corneal Opacity and Pterygium | Phula aur Nakhuna | پھولا اور ناخنہ
126. Trichiasis | Inverted Eyelashes | Sha'r-e-Munqalib | شعرِ منقلب
127. Warts (verrucae) of the eyelid | Warts | Thu'lul | ثؤلول
128. Glandular swelling of the eyelid, in part | Glandular Swelling | Ghudda | غدہ
129. Urticaria of the eyelid, in part | Shara (apparently a repeat of Shari, urticaria) | Shara | شرا
130. Formication of the eyelids | Sensation of Ants Crawling in the Eyelashes | Namla | نملہ
131. Corneal opacity (leucoma) | Whiteness of the Eye | Bayaz-e-Chashm | بیاضِ چشم
132. Ocular pain | Eye Pain | Waja' al-'Ain | وجع العین
133. Severe chemosis (the eye cannot close) | Wardinaj: Severe Ophthalmia in which the Eye Stays Open | Wardinaj | وردینج
134. Dry eye with foreign-body sensation, in part | False or Unusual Ophthalmia | Ramad-e-Ghair Haqiqi ya Gharib | رمدِ غیر حقیقی یا غریب
135. No direct modern equivalent | Ophthalmia Arising from the Stomach and the Uterus | Ramad-e-Me'di wa Rahmi | رمدِ معدی و رحمی
136. Chemosis | Swelling of the Conjunctiva | Intifakh-e-Multahima | انتفاخِ ملتحمہ
137. Ocular pruritus | Itching of the Eye | Hikka | حکہ
138. Phlyctenules; conjunctival pustules, in part | Red Pimples on the Conjunctiva | Wadqa | ودقہ
139. Caruncular papilloma or granuloma, in part | Tutha: Mulberry-like Growth at the Inner Canthus | Tutha | توثہ
140. Corneal roughness; trachoma, in part | Roughness of the Cornea | Khushunat-e-Qarniya | خشونتِ قرنیہ
141. Corneal blisters; bullous keratopathy, in part | Blisters on the Cornea | Nuffakhat-e-Qarniya | نفاخاتِ قرنیہ
142. Corneal ectasia (staphyloma), in part | Protrusion (Bulging) of the Cornea | Nutu' al-Qarniya | نتوء القرنیہ
143. Pustular (phlyctenular) keratoconjunctivitis, in part | Pustules of the Eye | Thubur-e-'Ain | ثبورِ عین
144. Hypopyon | Pus Hidden Behind the Cornea | Kumun al-Midda | کمون المدہ
145. Corneal ulcers | Ulcers of the Eye | Qurooh al-'Ain | قروح العین
146. Iris prolapse (myiocephalon), in part | Ant-Head Bulge of the Cornea | Mursarj | مورسرج
147. Corneal melt (necrotising ulcer), in part | Decay of Part of the Cornea | Hafr | حفر
148. Corneal abrasion; epithelial sloughing | Sloughing of One Layer of the Cornea | Salakh | سلخ
149. Epiphora | Excessive Watering of the Eye | Dam'a | دمعہ
150. No direct modern equivalent | Tension (Stretching) of the Eye | Tamaddud | تمدد
151. Blue iris (hereditary eye colour) | Blueness of the Eyes | Zurqa | زرقہ
152. Pannus; vascular keratitis | Pannus of the Eye | Sabal-e-Chashm | سبلِ چشم
153. Remedies for eye diseases (section) | Some Useful Prescriptions for Eye Diseases | Chand Mufid Nuskha Jat bara-e-Amraz-e-Chashm | چند مفید نسخہ جات برائے امراضِ چشم
154. Brain tonics (section) | Tonics of the Brain | Muqawwiyat-e-Dimagh | مقویاتِ دماغ
155. Purgatives (section) | Purgatives | Mushilat | مسہلات
156. Chapter Three: Diseases of the Ear | Bab-e-Sowum dar Amraz-e-Gosh | باب سوم در امراضِ گوش
157. Otalgia | Earache | Dard-e-Gosh | دردِ گوش
158. Impaired hearing; deafness | Deafness, i.e. Loss of Hearing | Tarash ya'ni Nuqsan-e-Sam' ya Behra-pan | طرش یعنی نقصانِ سمع یا بہرہ پن
159. Tinnitus | Ringing in the Ear | Tanin-e-Gosh | طنینِ گوش
160. Hyperacusis; phonophobia | Aversion of the Ear to Sound | Harab al-Udhun min al-Saut | ہرب الاذن من الصوت
161. Ear ulcer | Ulcer of the Ear | Qarha-e-Gosh | قرحۂ گوش
162. Otorrhoea (watery discharge) | Water in the Ear | Aab-e-Gosh | آبِ گوش
163. Foreign body in the ear | Entry of Foreign Bodies into the Ear | Dukhul-e-Ashya-e-Ghair dar Gosh | دخولِ اشیاءِ غیر در گوش
164. Otorrhoea | Discharge of Fluid from the Ear | Sailan-e-Rutubat-e-Gosh | سیلانِ رطوبتِ گوش
165. Aural pruritus; otitis externa, in part | Itching of the Ear | Hikka-e-Gosh | حکۂ گوش
166. Periauricular swelling; lymphadenitis, in part | Swellings Anywhere Around the Ear | Auram-e-Qaf | اورامِ قف
167. Traction injury of the auricle | Pulling Injury of the Ear | Qila'-e-Udhun | قلاعِ اذن
168. Contusion of the ear; auricular haematoma, in part | Bruising of the Ear | Radd | رض
169. Chapter Four: Diseases of the Nose | Bab-e-Chaharum dar Amraz-e-Bini | باب چہارم در امراضِ بینی
170. Anosmia; parosmia | Loss of Smell, or Smelling Only One Kind of Odour | Khushbu na Aana ya Ek hi Qism ki Bu Aana | خوشبو نہ آنا یا ایک ہی قسم کی بو آتی ہو
171. Rhinitis sicca | Dryness of the Nose | Yubusat-e-Bini | یبوستِ بینی
172. Nasal vestibulitis; nasal ulcers | Sores Inside the Nose | Qurooh al-Anf | قروح الانف
173. Nasal polyps | Polyps of the Nose | Bawasir al-Anf | بواسیر الانف
174. Epistaxis | Nosebleed, i.e. Nakseer | Ru'af ya'ni Nakseer | رعاف یعنی نکسیر
175. Nasal myiasis | Worms in the Nose | Kirm-e-Bini | کرمِ بینی
176. Excessive sneezing; allergic rhinitis, in part | Excessive Sneezing | Kasrat-e-'Uts | کثرتِ عطس
177. Coryza | Common Cold | Zukam | زکام
178. Chapter Five: Diseases of the Lips | Bab-e-Panjum dar Amraz-e-Lab | باب پنجم در امراضِ لب
179. Lip papilloma or mucocele, in part | Polyps of the Lip | Bawasir-e-Lab | بواسیرِ لب
180. Lip myokymia; facial spasm, in part | Contraction and Twitching of the Lips | Taqallus aur Ikhtilaj | تقلص اور اختلاج
181. Angular cheilitis | Sores at the Corners of the Mouth | Bachhen Pak Jana | باچھیں پک جانا
182. Facial swelling | Swelling of the Face, Jaw and Cheek | Waram-e-Wajh o Kalla o Rukhsar | ورمِ وجہ و کلہ و رخسار
183. Chapter Six: Diseases of the Mouth | Bab-e-Shashum dar Amraz-e-Dahan | باب ششم در امراضِ دہن
184. Stomatitis; aphthous ulcers, in part | Pimples of the Mouth and Tongue | Munh aur Zaban par Phunsiyan | منہ اور زبان پر پھنسیاں
185. Sialorrhoea | Excessive Flow of Saliva | Sailan-e-Lu'ab-e-Dahan | سیلانِ لعابِ دہن
186. Halitosis | Bad Breath | Bakhar ya Bu-e-Dahan | بخر یا بوئے دہن
187. Oral swellings | Swellings of the Mouth | Auram-e-Dahan | اورامِ دہن
188. Dysarthria; tongue-tie, in part | Heaviness of Speech | Thiql al-Kalam | ثقل الکلام
189. Hypogeusia; ageusia | Impairment or Loss of Taste | Nuqsan ya Butlan-e-Dhawq | نقصان یا بطلانِ ذوق
190. Macroglossia; ranula | Enlargement of the Tongue (with Dafda', ranula) | 'Izam al-Lisan | عظم اللسان
191. Glossodynia (burning mouth), in part | Burning of the Tongue | Harqa | حرقہ
192. Palatal perforation | Perforation of the Palate | Talu ka Surakh | تالو کا سوراخ
193. Fissured tongue | Cracking of the Tongue | Shiqaq al-Lisan | شقاق اللسان
194. Xerostomia | Dryness of the Mouth | Munh Khushk Hona | منہ خشک ہونا
195. Lingual paresis, in part | Flaccidity of the Tongue | Istirkha' al-Lisan | استرخاء اللسان
196. Slurred speech; tongue-tie, in part | Dullness (Heaviness) of the Tongue | Zaban Kund ho Jana | زبان کند ہو جانا
197. Dry tongue | Dryness of the Tongue | Jafaf al-Lisan | جفاف اللسانن
Index of Diseases, (Fihrist-e-Amraz), Bayaz-e-Nuruddin, Part One, Page 5
198. Chapter Seven: Diseases of the Teeth | Bab-e-Haftum dar Amraz-e-Dandan | باب ہفتم در امراضِ دندان
199. Odontalgia | Toothache | Dard-e-Dandan | دردِ دندان
200. Tooth mobility (periodontitis, in part) | Loose Teeth | Taharruk-e-Dandan | تحرکِ دندان
201. Dentin hypersensitivity | Teeth Set on Edge (Blunting of the Teeth) | Zaras | ضرس
202. Enamel erosion, in part | Loss of the Tooth's Moisture and Lustre | Zahab Ma' al-Sinn | ذہاب ماء السن
203. Tooth fracture; dental attrition, in part | Breaking of the Teeth: a Sound Tooth Crumbles Away from Above | Tafattut | تفتت
204. Supernumerary teeth | New Teeth Growing within the Teeth (Extra Teeth) | Hafr | حفر
205. Gingival pruritus | Itching of the Teeth and Gums | Hikka | حکۃ
206. Bruxism | Grinding of the Teeth | Sarir al-Asnan | صریر الاسنان
207. Sleep bruxism | Grinding the Teeth in Sleep | Khwab mein Dant Chabana | خواب میں دانت چبانا
208. Gingivitis | Swelling of the Gums | Waram-e-Litha | ورمِ لثہ
209. Remedies for teeth and gums (section) | Some Useful Prescriptions for the Teeth and Gums | Chand Mufid Nuskha Jat bara-e-Dandan wa Litha | چند مفید نسخہ جات برائے دندان و لثہ
210. Gingival recession; necrotising gingivitis, in part | Erosion of the Gums | Ta'akkul-e-Litha | تاکلِ لثہ
211. Scurvy | Scurvy | Scurvy | اسکروی
212. Epulis | Epulis | Epulis | ابولیس
213. Chapter Eight: Diseases of the Throat | Bab-e-Hashtum dar Amraz-e-Halq | باب ہشتم در امراضِ حلق
214. Pharyngitis; tonsillitis | Swellings of the Throat, their Inflammation, and Scratchiness of the Pharynx | Auram-e-Halq aur us ki Sozish aur Kharash-e-Hulqum | اورامِ حلق اور اس کی سوزش اور خراشِ حلقوم
215. Quinsy; diphtheria, in part | Khunaq (Choking Swelling of the Throat) | Khunaq | خناق
216. Diphtheria | Canine Khunaq, i.e. Diphtheria | Khunaq-e-Kalbi ya'ni Diphtheria | خناقِ کلبی یعنی ڈفتھیریا
217. Torticollis | Stiffening of the Neck Muscle | Wabila | وابلہ
218. Cervical vertebral subluxation | A Neck Vertebra Slipping Forward or Backward | Manke ki Haddi ka Aage Peeche ho Jana | منکے کی ہڈی کا آگے پیچھے ہو جانا
219. Choking (aspiration) | Choking when Food or Drink Enters the Airway | Shariq | شرق
220. Foreign body in the throat | A Thorn or Similar Object Lodged in the Throat | Tashabbuth-e-Ashya-e-Ghair | تشبثِ اشیاءِ غیر
221. Drowning | Drowning | Gharaq | غرق
222. Strangulation | Strangulation | Makhnuq | مخنوق
223. Leech in the pharynx | A Leech Getting Stuck (in the Throat) | Jonk ka Atak Jana | جونک کا اٹک جانا
224. Follicular tonsillitis, in part | Pustules of the Throat | Thubur-e-Halq | ثبورِ حلق
225. Dysphagia | Difficulty in Swallowing | 'Usr al-Bala' | عسر البلع
226. Oesophageal paralysis, in part | Closure of the Gullet | Intibaq | انطباق
227. Aphonia; dysphonia | Loss or Impairment of Voice | Butlan-e-Awaz ya Nuqsan-e-Awaz | بطلانِ آواز یا نقصانِ آواز
228. Neck swelling; goitre, in part | Swelling of the Neck | Waram-e-Gulu | ورمِ گلو
229. Scrofula (tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis) | Swelling of the Glands of the Neck | Khanazir | خنازیر
230. Elongated uvula | Relaxation of the Uvula | Istirkha'-e-Lahat | استرخاءِ لہات
231. Hoarseness (dysphonia) | Hoarseness | Gala Baith Jana | گلا بیٹھ جانا
232. Food bolus impaction | A Morsel Stuck in the Throat | Luqma Phans Jana | لقمہ پھنس جانا
233. Chapter Nine: Diseases of the Chest | Bab-e-Nuhum dar Amraz-e-Sina | باب نہم در امراضِ سینہ
234. Cough | Cough | Sur'a ya'ni Khansi | سرفہ یعنی کھانسی
235. Cough remedies (section) | Various Prescriptions for Cough | Mukhtalif Nuskha Jat Khansi ke liye | مختلف نسخہ جات کھانسی کیلئے
236. Capillary bronchitis (bronchiolitis) | Capillaries, i.e. Inflammation of the Capillary Vessels | Capillaries ya'ni Waram-e-'Urooq-e-Sha'riya | کیپلریز یعنی ورمِ عروقِ شعریہ
237. Whooping cough (pertussis) | Whooping Cough | Shahiqa ya'ni Kali Khansi | شہیقہ یعنی کالی کھانسی
238. Haemoptysis | Spitting of Blood | Nafth al-Dam | نفث الدم
239. Remedies for epistaxis and bloody diarrhoea (section) | The Following Measures are Useful for Nosebleed and Bloody Diarrhoea | Naksir aur Ishal-e-Khuni ke Waste Zail ki Tadabir Mufid Hain | نکسیر اور اسہالِ خونی کے واسطے ذیل کی تدابیر مفید ہیں
240. Asthma | Narrowness of Breath, i.e. Asthma | Diq al-Nafas ya'ni Asthma | ضیق النفس یعنی ایستھما
241. Croup | Dabba, i.e. Croup | Dabba ya'ni Croup | ڈبہ یعنی کروپ
242. Pneumonia | Inflammation of the Lung, i.e. Pneumonia | Dhat al-Ri'a ya'ni Pneumonia | ذات الریہ یعنی نمونیا
243. Pleurisy | Inflammation of the Side, i.e. Pleurisy | Dhat al-Janb ya'ni Pleurisy | ذات الجنب یعنی پلوسی
244. Empyema | Expectoration of Pus, i.e. Empyema | Nafth al-Midda ya'ni Empyema | نفث المدہ یعنی ایم پائیمیا
245. No direct modern equivalent | Weakness of the Lungs | Za'f-e-Ri'a | ضعفِ ریہ
246. Pleurisy or chest-wall pain, in part | Inflammation of the Chest, i.e. Pleurisy | Dhat al-Sadr ya'ni Pleurisy | ذات الصدر یعنی پلوریسی
247. Peritonitis; subphrenic inflammation, in part | Birsam, i.e. Peritonitis | Birsam ya'ni Peritonitis | برسام یعنی پیریٹونائیٹس
248. Diaphragmatic spasm | Contraction of the Diaphragm | Taqallus-e-Hijab | تقلصِ حجاب
249. Abscess formation (suppuration) | Suppuration and Collection of Pus, i.e. Ripening of a Swelling | Taqayyuh wa Jam' al-Midda ya'ni Pak Jana Waram ka | تقیح و جمع المدہ یعنی پک جانا ورم کا
250. Chest tightness from cold, in part | Stiffening of the Chest, i.e. Tightening of the Chest | Jumud al-Sadr (Sina ka Jakar Jana) | جمود الصدر (سینہ کا جکڑ جانا)
251. Chest pain | Pains of the Chest | Awja' al-Sadr | اوجاع الصدر
252. Pulmonary tuberculosis (phthisis) | Consumption, i.e. Phthisis | Sill ya'ni Phthisis | سل یعنی تھائی سس
253. Complications of tuberculosis (section) | Complications of Consumption and their Treatment | 'Awarizat-e-Sill aur un ke 'Ilaj | عوارضاتِ سل اور ان کے علاج
254. Further treatment of tuberculosis (section) | Further General Treatment | 'Ilaj-e-'Aam Digar | علاجِ عام دیگر
255. Pulmonary tuberculosis (Ayurveda: kshaya roga) | Khai Rog (the Indian Name for Consumption) | Khai Rog (Ahl-e-Hind Sill ko Kehte Hain) | کھئی روگ (اہل ہند سل کو کہتے ہیں)
256. Emphysema, in part | Rabw (also a Kind of Asthma) | Rabw (Yeh bhi Ek Qism Diq al-Nafas ki Hai) | ربو (یہ بھی ایک قسم ضیق النفس کی ہے)
257. Chapter Ten: Diseases of the Heart | Bab-e-Dahum dar Amraz-e-Qalb | باب دہم در امراضِ قلب
258. Palpitation | Palpitation of the Heart | Khafaqan-e-Qalb | خفقانِ قلب
259. Syncope | Fainting | Ghashi | غشی
260. Carditis (myocarditis, endocarditis), in part | Inflammation of the Heart and its Auricle | Waram-e-Qalb wa Udhun al-Qalb | ورمِ قلب و اذن القلب
261. Pericarditis, in part | Inflammation of the Heart's Membrane | Waram-e-Ghisha-e-Qalb | ورمِ غشاءِ قلب
262. Pericardial effusion | Fullness of the Heart's Sheath, i.e. Water in the Pericardium | Imtila'-e-Ghilaf-e-Qalb | امتلاءِ غلافِ قلب
263. Rib dislocation over the heart | Displacement of the Two Bones, i.e. a Rib over the Heart Coming Out | Zawal-e-'Azmain | زوالِ عظمین
264. Cardiac constriction, in part | Compression of the Heart, i.e. the Heart Feeling Choked | Daghtat al-Qalb (ya'ni Dil Ghut Jana) | ضغطۃ القلب (یعنی دل گھٹ جانا)
265. No direct modern equivalent | Peeling of the Heart, i.e. the Heart Feeling Scraped | Taqashshur-e-Qalb (ya'ni Dil ka Chhila Jana) | تقشرِ قلب (یعنی دل کا چھیلا جانا)
266. No direct modern equivalent | Qadhf al-Qalb, i.e. the Heart Being Grazed (Chafed) | Qadhf-e-Qalb (ya'ni Dil ka Chhilna Jana) | قذفِ قلب (یعنی دل کا چھلنا جانا)
267. Pericardial effusion (hydropericardium), in part | Envelopment by Moisture (Moisture Settling on the Heart) | Ihtiwa' al-Rutuba | احتواء الرطوبۃ
268. No direct modern equivalent | Smoky Disorder, i.e. Smoke Seeming to Rise from the Heart | 'Illat-e-Dukhaniya (ya'ni Dil mein se Dhuan Nikalna) | علۃ دخانیہ (یعنی دل میں سے دھواں نکلنا)
269. Sinking sensation of ectopic beats (PACs, PVCs), in part | Downward Pull of the Heart | Jadhb al-Qalb (ya'ni Dil ka Neeche ki Taraf Khinch Jana) | جذب القلب (یعنی دل کا نیچے کی طرف کھنچ جانا)
270. Cardiac dyspnoea (heart failure), in part | Disordered Breathing, i.e. the Voice is not Clear | Su' al-Tanaffus | سوءِ تنفس
271. Cardiomyopathy; ischaemic heart disease (with kidney disease or consumption), in part | Interruption of the Heart's Nourishment | Inqita'-e-Ghidha-e-Qalb | انقطاعِ غذاءِ قلب
272. Pericarditis | Pericarditis, i.e. Inflammation of the Outer Membrane of the Heart | Pericarditis ya'ni Waram-e-Hijab-e-Qalb Kharij | پریکارڈائیٹس یعنی ورمِ حجابِ قلب خارج
273. Pericardial effusion, in part | Moisture of the Heart's Walls | Rutubat-e-Jidar-e-Qalb | رطوبتِ جدارِ قلب
274. Cardiomyopathy (myocardial weakness), in part | Weakness (Laxity) of the Heart's Walls | Qalb ki Diwaron ki Susti | قلب کی دیواروں کی سستی
275. Congestive heart failure (cardiac dropsy) | If the Blood Circulation is Disturbed | Agar Dauran-e-Khun mein Futur ho | اگر دورانِ خون میں فتور ہو
276. Cardiomegaly | Enlargement of the Heart | Kibar al-Qalb | کبر القلب
277. Dilated cardiomyopathy | Thinning of the Heart's Flesh and Widening of the Heart | Riqqat-e-Lahm-e-Qalb wa Wasi' Shudan-e-Dil (ya'ni Dil ka Gosht Patla ho Jana) | رقتِ لحمِ قلب و وسیع شدنِ دل (یعنی دل کا گوشت پتلا ہو جانا)
278. Cardiac atrophy (small heart, microcardia) | Smallness of the Heart | Sighar-e-Qalb | صغرِ قلب
279. Faint heart sounds, in part | Lack of Strength of the Heart, i.e. No Sound from the Heart | 'Adam-e-Taqwiyat-e-Qalb (ya'ni Qalb se Awaz ka na Aana) | عدمِ تقویتِ قلب (یعنی قلب سے آواز کا نہ آنا)
280. Angina pectoris (ischaemic heart disease); endocardial (valvular) sclerosis, in part | Hardening of the Inner Membranes of the Heart | Salabat-e-Aghshiya-e-Dakhiliya-e-Qalb | صلابتِ اغشیۂ داخلیۂ قلب
281. Fatty degeneration of the heart | Change of the Heart to Fat | Tabaddul-e-Shahm-e-Qalb (ya'ni Dil ka Charbi ho Jana) | تبدلِ شحمِ قلب (یعنی دل کا چربی ہو جانا)
282. Cyanotic congenital heart disease (patent foramen ovale), in part | Change in Skin Colour | Tabaddul-e-Alwan-e-Jild | تبدلِ الوانِ جلد
283. Angina pectoris; cardiac pain, in part | Heart Pain | Dard-e-Dil | دردِ دل
284. Arrhythmia; heart failure, in part | Impaired Function of the Heart | Nuqsan-e-Fe'l-e-Qalb | نقصانِ فعلِ قلب
285. Thoracic aortic aneurysm; cardiac aneurysm or contained rupture of the heart wall, in part | Aneurysm | Aborisma | ابورسما
286. Cardiac tonics (section) | Heart Tonics: Indigenous Drugs | Muqawwiyat-e-Qalb Desi Adwiya | مقویاتِ قلب دیسی ادویہ
HOW THE INDEX WAS PREPARED
Each heading was checked against the chapter text of the Bayaz, and the author’s own description of the condition takes precedence over every other source. Where the printed index and the chapter differ, the chapter heading is followed. The terms were then compared with the WHO standard Unani terminology. Where the WHO definition differs from the Bayaz (for example ‘Isaba, Kumna and Sakta), the meaning given in the Bayaz is followed. Words that were unclear in print were checked in Persian, Arabic and Urdu dictionaries.
REFERENCE SOURCES
Source text
Bayaz Noor-ud-Din (running title Mujarrabat-e-Nuruddin), Part One. Urdu. Al Islam online library.https://new.alislam.org/library/books/byaz-e-nurudin
Disease terminology
WHO International Standard Terminologies on Unani Medicine. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2023. ISBN 9789240064959. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240064959
Standard Unani Medical Terminology. Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine (CCRUM), Ministry of Ayush, Government of India, in collaboration with WHO.https://ccrum.res.in/writereaddata/UploadFile/Standard%20Unani%20Medical%20Terminology_1430.pdf
National Ayush Morbidity and Standardized Terminologies Electronic (NAMASTE) Portal, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India. Standardized terms and morbidity codes for Ayurveda, Siddha and Unani, dual-coded with ICD-10 and ICD-11.https://namaste.ayush.gov.in/about-namaste-portal
International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, Chapter 26, Module 2 (TM2). World Health Organization.https://icd.who.int/browse11
Unani Medicine World, Unani Terminology. An online index of the WHO standard Unani terms, with their WHO term codes (UMA numbers), definitions and English equivalents.https://www.unanimedworld.com/unani-terminology
Dictionaries
Loghatnameh-e-Dehkhoda (Dehkhoda Persian Dictionary), consulted through Vajehyab. Used for Persian terms, for example Badshanam.https://www.vajehyab.com
Rekhta Dictionary (Urdu, Hindi and English). Used for Urdu readings and the everyday Urdu sense of terms.https://www.rekhtadictionary.com
Arabic Wikipedia. Used only to confirm the present-day Arabic medical sense of Wardinaj (chemosis).https://ar.wikipedia.org
Materia medica and pharmacopoeia
Unani Pharmacopoeia of India. Pharmacopoeia Commission for Indian Medicine and Homoeopathy (PCIM&H), Ministry of Ayush, Government of India.https://www.portal.pcimh.gov.in
Medicinal plants database. CCRUM, Ministry of Ayush, Government of India.https://ccrum.res.in/ViewData/Multiple?mid=1640
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The English translation of Bayaz Noor-ud-Din is a collaborative project to preserve the Unani/Hikmat (Greco-Arab) medical writings of Hazrat Hakeem Noor-ud-Deen, Khalifatul Masih I (ra), and to make them accessible to English-language readers.
The translation is reviewed against the original Urdu text. The review covers difficult or archaic Urdu, Persian, Arabic and Unani/Hikmat terms, the historical medical concepts, and the identity of medicinal substances and plants. Modern interpretations are not imposed where the text does not support them. Where a meaning, reading or botanical identity cannot be established with reasonable confidence, the original term is kept and marked for further review.
BAYAZ NOOR-UD-DIN PROJECT TEAM
The Project Team serves in an advisory capacity. Members discuss difficult passages, weigh alternative readings, and advise on linguistic, historical, medical, Unani/Hikmat, botanical and editorial questions, both in group discussion and by direct feedback. Their suggestions are incorporated where appropriate. The team’s role is separate from that of the two translators credited at the top of this page.
USA
Dr Abid and Dr Ayesha Haq, Snohomish, WA
Dr Haroon Akhtar, Maryland
Dr Shazli Naseer
Dr Imtiaz Chaudary
Malik Abdullah
Munawar Ahmad Saqib, New Jersey
Sharif Ahmad, Atlanta, GA
Dr Almas Nasar, Dallas, TX
Bilal Ahmed
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Dr Ismaeel Mohammad
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This project is funded by Ahmadi individuals from the NJCCM WhatsApp group, who met the cost of translating Bayaz Noor-ud-Din and preparing it for English-language publication. We gratefully acknowledge their support in preserving this historical work and making it accessible to a wider readership. Supporters are listed in the order in which their contributions were received. Donors who wish to remain anonymous are gratefully acknowledged without being named.
Sharif Ahmad, USA
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Bushra Begum, RN, USA
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Dr Aida Nasar Khan, Dublin
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PUBLISHED BY
Noor Journal of Complementary and Contemporary Medicine (NJCCM)
Chief Editor: Qaisar J. Qayyum, MD, drqhealthyliving@gmail.com
Assistant Chief Editor: Tahira Khalid, MD
Publisher: Excellence in Complementary Medicine, LLC, Edmond, OK, USA
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